This lecture provides an overview of nervous system diseases and disorders, focusing on common conditions affecting the central nervous system such as intracranial pressure issues, infections, bleeding, strokes, seizures, dementias, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson's disease. It covers the anatomy of the meninges and spaces within the skull, the circulation of cerebral spinal fluid, and the potential causes and symptoms of neurological disorders. The lecture emphasizes the complexity of diagnosing CNS diseases due to overlapping symptoms like headaches, mental status changes, seizures, and focal neurological deficits.